שָׁמַר S 8104 TWOT 2414 GK 9068465 vb. keep, watch, preserve ( NH id.; Ph.
שמר in n.pr. and (Pun.) = watchman; TelAm. šimiru is perhaps overseer (Canaanism), Wkl No. 80, 1, 23 ; Mand. סמירא preserved Nö M 46 ; cf. Arabic سَمَرَ ( samara ) converse by night, stay awake ( v. Lag BN 105); Ba NB 175 f.; ES 43 infers from
( temro ) eyelid ( cf. [ שְׁמֻרָה ] infr. ), and Arabic ثَمَلَ (ṯamala) support, aid, protect ( l = r ), that two √ √ are combined in Heb. ; but proof insuff. ) ;
Qal
425
Pf.
3
ms.
שׁ׳
Gn 37:11
+, etc.;
Impf.
3
ms.
יִשְׁמֹר
1 S 2:9
+,
יִשְׁמָר־
Je 5:24
+
,
sf.
3
ms.
יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ
Ex 21:2
9,
36
;
3
fs. sf.
תִּשְׁמוּרֵ֑ם
Pr 14:3
(read
תִּשְׁמְרוּם
,
v. Ges
§ 47 g Toy), etc.;
Imv. ms.
שְׁמֹר
Jb 2:6
+,
שָׁמְרָה
1 Ch 29:18
+;
mpl.
שִׁמְרוּ
Jos 6:18
+, etc.;
Inf. abs.
שָׁמוֹר
Dt 5:12
+;
cstr.
שְׁמֹר
Gn 3:24
+,
sf.
שָׁמְרָהּ
2:1
5, etc.;
Pt. act.
שֹׁמֵר
1 S 1:12
+, etc.;
pass.
שָׁמוּר
Ec 5:12
(
1 S 9:24
v. infr
.), etc.; [Synon. I.
נָצַר
, נָטַר
, q.v.]: 1.
a
keep, have charge of
, garden
Gn 2:15
(
J
), ark
1 S 7:1
, property in trust
Ex 22:6
,
9
(
E
),
cf.
1 S 25:3
1;
tend
flock
Gn 30:31
(
E
),
cf.
Zc 3:7 Nu 3:8
(
P
); so perhaps (
obj.
om.)
Ho 12:13
(where
שׁ׳
chosen for parallelism
Now Marti
al.
);
Pt.
הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹ֑כִי
Gn 4:9
(
J
),
שׁ׳
of sheep
1 S 17:20
,
שׁ׳ הַכֵּלִים
v
2
2,
שׁ׳ הַבְּגָדִים
2 K 22:14 2 Ch 34:2
2,
שׁ׳ הַנָּשִׁים
Est 2:
3,
8
,
15
,
cf.
v
1
4, etc.
b.
keep, guard
, captives
Jos 10:18
(
J
),
1 K 20:39
,
דֶּרֶךְ
Gn 3:24
(
J
);
keep watch and ward
,
אֶל
pers.
over whom
1 S 26:15
(
ψ 59:10
v.
3
end),
עַל
pers. v
16 Pr 6:22
;
בַּנַּעַר
2 S 18:12
have a care of
(read
לִי
for מִי
G),
cf.
2 K 9:1
4; in hostile sense,
אֶל הָעִיר
(in siege)
2 S 11:16
,
חַטָּאתִי עַל
Jb 14:16
(but read
תַּעֲבֹר
c.
G Ew Di Du
al.
[not
Hi B
u]);
abs.
c.
מֵעַל
Ec 5:7
watcheth above
, etc. (
v.
p. 759 a
d
);
keep
ones mouth, be prudent of speech
Pr 21:33
,
cf.
Mi 7:
5;
keep
=
protect, save, ones life,
נֶפֶשׁ
Pr 13:
3;
16:17
;
19:16
;
22:5
, anothers
Jb 2:6
; in Pr,
acc. pers.
, subj. widsom,
4:6
she shall preserve thee
,
cf.
(
+
מִן
of evil)
6:24
;
7:5
; especially
Pt.
watch, watchman
, of city
Is 21:11
(×2),
12
;
62:5
(
fig.
),
Ct 3:3
;
5:7
(×2) ψ 127:1
;
שׁ׳ הַסַּף
(in temple)
Je 35:4
+
(
v.
סַף
), הַשּׁ׳ פֶּתַח בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ
1 K 14:27
=
2 Ch 12:1
0,
שׁ׳
TelAm.
TA,
q.v.
.
Mand.
Mandean.
Nö
T. Nöldeke, Mandäische Grammatik
.
act.
active.
pass.
passive.
I.