30:11 . 5. cause to fail , let be lacking: salt מֵעַל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ Lv 2:13 ( P ); acc. pers. + ל pers. Je 48:35 Ru 4:1 4. I. שֶׁבֶת v. ישׁב .
• II . שֶׁ֫בֶת S 7674, 7675 TWOT 2323a, 922a GK 8699, 8700 n.f. cessation ( dub. ) Pr 20:3 ( c. מֵרִיב , G ἀποστρέφεσθαι = שׁוּב ); שִׁבְתּוֹ Ex 21:19 i.e. from work = his loss of time (but Di I . שֶׁבֶת , p. 443 f.).— Is 30:7 perhaps = a sitting still (indolently) √ ישׁב , but prob. crpt., v. Du Che al.
שַׁבָּת
S
7676
TWOT
2323b
GK
8701111
n.f.
Ex 31:14
+
m.
Is 56:
2,
6
;
66:28
(under infl. of
יוֹם
in freq.
יוֹם הַשּׁ׳
, AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 47
) Sabbath
(
= ת
+
שׁבת
; NH שַׁבָּת
, Aramaic
שַׁבְּתָא
, ˜˜˜˜˜˜
(šabto); perhaps Assyrian
šabattum
(
||
ûm nûḫ libbi
,
day of rest of heart
(i.e. propitiation) [of deity]: only in lex. tablets);
cf.
Lotz
Quaest. de hist. Sabbati, 1883
Jen
ZA iv (1869), 274 ff.
(doubts connexion of Assyrian word with
Heb.
Sabbath)
Id
S. S. Times, Jan. 16, 1892, 35 f.
Muss-Arn
JBL xi (1892), 93
Schwally
Idiot.
127;
v.
(more recently)
Jastr
Am
. J. Theol. ii (1898), 312 ff.
Toy
TBL xviii (1899), 190 ff.
Dr
HastDB
S
ABBATH
(1902)
Zim
KAT3
. 592 ff.;
ZMG
1904, 199 ff.
[15th day of month so called]
458 ff.)
;—
abs.
שׁ׳ Ex 16:25 + 64 times; cstr. שַׁבַּת v 23 + 10 times; sf. שַׁבַּתּוֹ Nu 28:10 + 3 times sf. ; pl. שַׁבָּתוֹת Lv 23:15 + 7 times; cstr. שַׁבְּתֹת v 38 25:8 ( ×2 ) ; sf. שַׁבְּתוֹתַי Is 56:4 +, etc.;— 1. sabbath: a. primitive שׁ׳ ליהוה Ex 16:25 ( J ), 20:10 = Dt 5:14 (ten words) Lv 23:3 ( P ); הַשּׁ׳ Ex 16:29 ( J ); הַשְּׁבִיעִי שׁ׳ בַּיּוֹם Ex 16:26 ( J ); on seventh day יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת 20: 8, 11 = Dt 5:1 2, 15 (ten words), so throughout; Ex 31:15 + 3 times P , Je 17:21 Ez 46:4 Ne 10:32 + 9 times, + ( || new moon) Is 1:13 Ez 46:1 2 K 4:23 Am 8: 5, cf. Is 66:23 (×2), also חג and מועד Ho 2:1 3; time of change of watch in temple 2 K 11:5 , 7 , 9 ( ×2 ) = 2 Ch 23:4 , 8 (×2); הַשּׁ׳ מיסך (in temple) 2 K 16:18 ; orig. observed simply by abstinence from labour Ex 20: 9, 10 = Dt 5:12–1 4, Ex 23:12 ( E ), 34:21 ( J ; Br Hex. 181–195 ). b. Deut. reason for day is deliverance from Egypt Dt 5:15 , hence its Muss-Arn W. Muss-Arnolt.
JBL Journal of Biblical Literature. Schwally F. Schwally, Idioticon d. Chr. Pal. Jastr Marcus Jastrow, Dict of Targumim, Talmud, etc.; also Morris Jastrow, Jr.
ZMG Zeitschrift d. deutsch. Morgenländ. Gesellschaft. Br circa., Higher Criticism of the hexateuch;