וֶָ˜נכֶד Is 14:2 2, שֹׁד וֶָ˜שׁבֶר 59: 7; and often: v. more fully Bö § 600); occas. also with a conj. accent (as וַָ˜חי לְעֹלָֽם׃ Gn 3:22 cf. Lv 18: 5, וָָ˜מתְנוּ שָׁם˜ 2 K 7: 4, וָ˜אָרֶץ חֲדָשָׁ˜ה Is 65:1 7, Pr 25:3 , ˜שֹׁד וֶָ˜שׁבֶר גָּדֹֽול׃ Je 48: 3, cf. 32:2 9).— וְ is used very freely and widely in Heb. , but also with much delicacy, to express relations and shades of meaning which Western languages would usually indicate by distinct particles. But in Heb. particles such as אֹו , אָז , אַךְ , אָכֵן , אוּלָם , בַּעֲבוּר , לְמַעַן , לָכֵן , etc., were reserved for cases in which special emph. or distinctness was desired: their frequent use was felt instinctively to be inconsistent with the lightness and grace of movement which the Hebrew ear loved; and thus in AV , RV , words like or, then, but, notwithstanding, howbeit, so, thus, therefore, that , constantly appear, where the Heb. has simply וְ .
1.
And
, connecting both words (
v.
supra), and sentences (
Gn 1:5
וְלַחשֶׁךְ קָרָא וגּ׳
). When three, four, or more words follow, the
conj.
may connect them all, as
Gn 7:21
;
10:2
(6 times)
24:35
(7 times)
Jos 7:24
(10 times)
2 S 17:28f.
: often however it is prefixed only to the last, as
Gn 5:32
;
10:1 Dt 18:10
etc.; occas. even it connects only the first two,
1 K 8:47 Is 1:13
ψ 45:9
Jb 42:
9. Remarkably, however,
וְ
as a
mere
conj.
is, a rule, not in classical Hebrew attached directly to
verbs
(especially in the
perf.
), the construction with
וְ
consec.
(
v.
2
) being (as in Moab.) preferred: thus
יָצָא וַיִּבֶן
is said, not
יָצָא וּבָנָח
. Exceptions in class.
Heb.
are (
a
) sometimes where
synonyms
are coupled, as
Nu 23:19
וְדִבֶּר
…
אָמַר
,
Dt 2:30 Ju 5:26 1 S 12:2 Is 1:2
גדּלתי ורוממתי
2:1
1;
5:14
;
8:8
;
19:6
;
29:20
; (
b
) isolated cases, difficult to reduce to rule (perhaps sometimes due to text. error), as
Gn 28:6
;
38:5 Jud 3:23
;
7:13
;
16:18 1 S 1:1
2;
3:13
;
4:19
;
5:7
;
10:9
;
17:38
,
48
;
25:20
al.
(in other passages, appar. similar, the
pf.
and
וְ
has a frequent. force (
v.
2
), as
Gn 37:3 Ex 36:29f. Nu 10:17f. 21:1
5,
20 1 S 2:2
2;
16:14
;
17:34f.
(
v. D
r)
27:9 2 S 16:1
3;
17:17
, perhaps also
Gen. 15:6
;
21:25
;
34:5
). In later parts of
OT
, prob. through Aramaic influence, that
pf.
with simple
וְ
occurs more freq.: so especially in Ec., where it is all but universal (e.g.
2:11
,
12
,
13
,
15
etc.). With the
impf.
, the simple
וְ
is not so unidiomatic, even in class.
Heb.
(
cf.
3
);
v.
Gen 1:
9,
26
;
9:27
,
17:2
;
22:17
;
27:29 Ex 23:8
(freq.)
24:7 Nu 14:12 Dt 17:1
3;
30:12
,
13 Jos 3:1
3;
7:3 Ju 7:
3;
13:8 Is 5:2
9;
v. vide , see. Bö F. Böttcher, Lehrbuch d. Hebr. Sprache . AV Authorized Version.
RV
Revised Version.
perf.
Perfect.
consec.
consecutive.
al.
et aliter
, and elsewhere; also
et alii
, and others.
Dr
S. R. Driver.
impf.
Imperfect.