•
I
.
כֹּפֶר
S
3724
TWOT
1025b
GK
4108, 4109, 4110, 4111
n.m.
the price of a life, a ransom
(
ποινή
,
wergeld
);—
כ׳
Ex 21:30
+
10 times;
sf.
כָּפְרְךָ
Is 43:
3;
כָּפְרֹו
ψ 49:8
;—
1.
a price for ransom of a life
Jb 33:2
4;
36:18
;
כ׳ עַל
Ex 21:30
(Covt. code;
||
פִּדְיֹן נַפְשֹׁו
);
כ׳ נפשׁ
Pr 13:
8;
כ׳ לְ
ransom for
Pr 6:35
;
21:18 Nu 35:3
1,
32
(
P
);
כָּפְרֹו
his ransom
ψ 49:8
(
||
פדה
);
כָּפְרְךָ
thy ransom
Is 43:3
(
||
תַּחְתֶּיךָ
);
כֹּ˜פֶר
alone
1 S 12:3 Am 5:1
2.
2.
in the ritual of
P
כ׳ נַפְשֹׁו
Ex 30:12
is a half shekel of the sanctuary paid by each male above twenty years at the census in order that there might be no plague upon them. It was offered to Yahweh,
לְכַפֵּר על
to atone for them
.
• כִּפֶּר vb .Pi etc. denom. cover over ( fig. ), pacify, make propitiation ;— Pi Pf. כִּפֶּר Ex 30:10 + 31 times; 2 ms. sf. כִּפַּרְתָּ˜הוּ Ez 43:2 0; 3 mpl. יְכַפְּרוּ Ez 43:2 6; 2 mpl. כִּפַּרְתֶּם Ez 45:2 0; Impf. יְכַפֵּר Ex 30:10 + 10 times; יְכַפֶּר־ Lv 7:7 Nu 5: 8; sf. יְכַפְּרֶנָּה Pr 16:1 4; 1 s.
אֲכַפֵּר 2 S 21: 3; אֲכַפְּרָה Gn 32:21 Ex 32:3 0, etc.; Imv. כַּפֵּר Dt 21:8 + 4 times; Inf. כַּפֵּר Ex 30:15 + 28 times; sfs. כַּפְּרִי Ez 16:6 3; כַּפֶּרְךָ Ex 29:3 6; כַּפְּרָהּ Is 47:1 1;— 1. cover over, pacify, propitiate; אֲכַפְּרָה פָנָיו בַּמִּנְחָה Gn 32:21 let me cover over his face by the present (so that de does not see the offence, i.e. pacify him; E ; RS OTJC , 2d ed., 381 ‘wipe clean the face,’ blackened by displeasure, as the Arabs says ‘whiten the face’); לֹא תוּכְלִי כַּפְּרָהּ וְחִפֹּל עָלַיִךְ הֹוָה Is 47:11 and disaster will fall upon thee, thou wilt not be able to propitiate it (by payment of a כֹּפֶר , see Is 43:3 ); pacify the wrath of a king Pr 16:14 (e.g. by a gift). 2. cover over, atone for sin , without sacrifice: a. man as subj., בַּמָּה אֲכַפֵּר 2 S 21:3 , with what shall I cover over (viz. the bloodguiltiness of the house of Saul, says David. The answer is by a death penalty of seven sons of the guilty house); חטאתכם בְּעַד Ex 32:30 on behalf of your sins (JE; Moses, by intercession); c.
על of persons Nu 17:11 , 12 ( P ; by incense), 25:13 ( P when Phinehas slays the ringleaders). b. with God as subj., c. acc. pers ., cover , i.e. treat as covered, view propitiously, Yahweh’s land Dt 32:43 (song); לְ pers. Dt 21:8 (bloodguiltiness flows away in the stream), Ez 16:63 ; בְּעַד of person 2 Ch 30:18 ; c. acc. of the sin ψ 65:4 ; 78:38 , prob. also Dn 9:24 ( || חטאת ח˜תם ; עַל of sin ψ 79:9 Je 18:23 ( || מחה ). It is conceived that God in his sovereignty may himself provide an atonement or covering for men and their sins which could not be provided by men. 3. cover over, atone for sin and persons by legal rites , in the codes of H , P , and Ez: abs. וכ׳ הַכֹּהֵן and the priest shall make atonement Lv 16:3 2; a. c. acc. of sacred places (by the great sin-offering of the day of atonement), Lv 16:20 ,