•
עַשְׁתֹּ˜רֶת
S
6253
TWOT
1718
GK
6956
n.pr
.deae.
˓Aštōreth
,
<
˓Aštart, ˓Aštéreth
(
v. infr
.)
(
MI
17 עשתר כמש
;
Ph.
עשתרת
(
+
often in
n.pr.
),
n.pr.
עבד עשתר
Cook
Acad.
Jan. 18, 1896
Sab. n.pr.
dei
עתֿתר
v.
especially
Os
ZMG xx (1866), 279 f.
DHM
ib. xxxvii (1883), 376
Fell
Sab. Götternamen,
ZMG
liv (1900), 231 ff., especially 237 ff.
; Assyrian
Ištar
;
Old Aramaic
Palm.
עתר
(
=
עתֿתר
) in
n.pr.
; in Egyptian
‛astirati
WMM
As.
u. Eur.
313
; Gk.
Ἀστάρτη
; on other Gk. equivalents (e.g.
Ἀφροδίτη
)
cf.
Lewy
Fremdw. 148, 186 f. 250
)
;——
ֶֹ
prob. artificial, to suggest
בֹּשֶׁת
, orig.
-תַּרְתְּ
,
- תֶּרֶת
,
cf.
Ištar
,
Ασταρτη
, etc.;
ע׳
1 K 11:5
+
2 times;
pl.
-תָּרֹות
Ju 2:13
+
3 times
+
-רֹת
1 S 7:
4;
1 S 31:10
read prob.
sg.
(
Dr
al.
);—
‛Aštart, ‛Aštereth
(
Ασταρτη
,
pl.
Ασταρται
, but
Ju 10:6 1 S 7:4
Ασταρωθ
), ancient Sem. goddess
(with male counterpart in Moab., Sab. and appar. Ph. ); Phoenician diety, עשׁתרת אֱלֹהֵי צִדֹנִים 1 K 11: 5, 33 , ע׳ שִׁקֻּץ צ׳ 2 K 23:1 3; so prob. בֵּית ע׳ 1 S 31:10 (reading sg. ; v. especially Dr ); elsewhere pl. , of various local goddesses, called עַשְׁתָּרֹות ( cf. Assyrian ilâni u ištarat = gods and Ištars (i.e. goddesses), usually + בעל(ים) , as Canaanitish deities Ju 2:13 ; 10:6 1 S 7: 4; 12:10 ; || אֱלֹהֵי הַנֵּכָר 7: 3. —Vid. especially Dr Ashtoreth in Hast DB; on Ištar Jastr Rel. Bab.pass. especially 202 f. ; on ˓Athtar Bae Rel. 117 f.; on Ph. ˓Aštart Pietschm Gesch. Phön. 184 f. ; on ˓Ashtoreth Barton JBL x (1891), 73 ff. GFM Ency. Bib.
< indicates that the following is to be preferred to the preceding. infr. infra, below.
MI Mesha-Inscription. Ph. Phenician.
Cook Stanley A. Cook.
Acad. Academy (London). Sab. Sabean.
Os E. Osiander. DHM D. H. Müller. Palm. Palmyrene. WMM W. Max Müller, Asien u. Europa . Lewy H. Lewy, Semitische Fremdwörter im Griechischen . sg. singular.
Hast Dictionary of the Bible, ed. James Hastings. Jastr Marcus Jastrow, Dict of Targumim, Talmud, etc.; also Morris Jastrow, Jr., M. Jastrow, Jr., Religion of Babylonia and Assyria.
Bae F. Baethgen, Beiträge zur Semitischen Religionsgenschichte Pietschm R. Pietschmann.
Gesch. Geschichte.
JBL Journal of Biblical Literature. GFM G. F. Moore.
Ency. Bib. EB(i), q.v. .