officiating on a partic. occasion
Dt 18:3
;
20:2
; or holding a partic. dignity
17:12
;
26:3
,
4
. The
כהנים
of the other cities of Judah,
כ׳ הבמות
, who were not allowed to minister in Jerusalem
2 K 23:8
(×2),
9
,
20
, may be an attempt to enforce an exclusion from the priesthood of all but Levitical priests.
•
6.
Zadokite priests:
Ezekiel distinguishes among
הכהנים הלוים
those of the seed of Zadok,
בְּנֵי צָדֹוק
; all but the latter excluded by him from priesthood
40:46
;
43:19
;
44:15
;
48:11
; the priests of his code being all Zadokites
40:45
,
46
;
42:13
,
14
;
43:24
,
27
;
44:21
,
22
,
30
(×2),
31
;
45:4
,
19
;
46:2
,
19
,
20
;
48:10
,
13
.
7.
Aaronic priests
. In
H
. it is taken for granted that a priest is of the seed of Aaron; the
pl.
is never used;
כֹּהֵן
is used for any priest
Lv 21:9
;
22:10
,
11
,
12
,
13
;
הַכֹּהֵן
for Aaron
Lv 21:21
, and for the official priest (acting for the priesthood, almost collective)
Lv 17:5
,
6
;
22:14
;
23:10
,
11
,
20
(×2);
27:8
(×3),
11
,
12
(×2),
14
(×2),
18
,
21
,
23
. The priests of
P
are
בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן
Lv 1:
5,
8
,
11
;
2:2
;
3:2
;
21:1 Nu 3:
3;
10:8 Jos 21:1
9; so in Chronicles
2 Ch 13:9
,
10
;
26:18
;
29:21
;
31:19
;
35:14
(×2);
הַכֹּהֵן
is used of Aaron 22 times, Eleazar 29 times, Phinehas
Jos 22:30
and elsewhere; 180 times of ministering priests, or generic of the priests;
הכהנים
Lv 6:2
2;
7:6
;
13:2
;
16:33 Jos 4:16
;
כהן
Lv 6:1
6. Chronicles distinguishes
הַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם
1 Ch 13:2
;
15:11
,
14
;
23:2
;
24:6
,
31
;
28:13
,
21 2 Ch 8:1
5;
11:13
;
13:9
,
10
;
23:4
;
24:5
;
29:4
;
30:15
,
25
;
31:2
(×2),
4
,
9
;
34:30
;
35:8
,
18
(the variants without
וְ
2 Ch 23:1
8;
30:27
are due to copyists’ errors).
Ezr 1:5
;
2:70
;
3:8
,
12
;
6:20
;
7:7
;
8:29
,
30
;
9:1 Ne 7:72
;
8:13
;
11:3
;
12:1
,
30
,
44
(×2);
13:30
;
הלוים והכהנים
2 Ch 19:
8;
30:21
; priests, Levites, and others
1 Ch 9:2 Ezr 10:5 Ne 10:
1,
29
,
35
;
11:20
;
בְּנֵי לֵוִי
antith. to
הַכּ׳
Ezr 8:1
5;
בן אהרן עם הלוים הכהן
Ne 10:3
9;
(ה)כהנים
in Chr 67 times has the same reference, as also
כֹּהֲנֵינוּ
Ezr 9:7 Ne 9:3
2,
34
;
כֹּהֵן
Ezr 2:63
=
Ne 7:6
5;
כ׳ ליהוה
2 Ch 26:1
7;
כהניו
His
(God’s)
priests
2 Ch 13:1
2;
כ׳ מֹורֶה
teaching priest
2 Ch 15:
3;
הַכֹּהֵן
is used of Jehoiada in time of David
1 Ch 27:5
, and Azariah int he reign of Uzziah
2 Ch 26:17
. In the literature of the restoration
הַכֹּהֵן
is used of Ezra,
Ezr 7:11
;
10:10
,
16 Ne 8:
2,
9
;
12:26
; Uriah
Ezr 8:33
; Eliashib
Ne 13:4
; Shelemiah
Ne 13:13
;
הכהנים
Jo 1:
9,
13
;
2:17 Hg 2:11
,
12
,
13 Zc 7:5 Mal 1:
6;
2:1
; priests and prophets
Zc 7:3
;
כהן
Mal 2:
7.
8.
the high priest:
הַכֹּהֵן
is frequently used (
4
) to designate the priest who was at the head of priestly affairs. The
adj.
הַגָּדֹול
first appears of Jehoiada
2 K 12:11
, then of Hilkiah
2 K 22:4
,
8
;
23:4 2 Ch 34:
9; after the exile, of Joshua
Hg 1:1
,
12
,
14
;
2:2
,
4 Zc 3:
1,
8
;
6:11
, and Eliashib
Ne 3:1
,
20
;
13:28
. But
P
uses it of Aaron and his eldest descendants who are anointed with holy oil
Lv 21:10
(
H
;
הכ׳ הֶגָּדֹול מֶאֶהָיו
),
Nu 35:25
,
28
(×2) Jos 20:
6, and so
הַכּ׳ הַמָּשִׁיהַ
Lv
H Code of Holiness.
×3 three times.