f ollow four special cases with אִם if: so 21:7 ( כי ), v 8–11 ( אם ); v 18 ( כי ), v 19 ( אם ); v 20 ( כי ), v 21 ( אם ); v 22 f. 28–3 2; Lv 1:2 ( כי ), v 3, 10 ( אם ) 4:2 , 3 , 13 , 27 , 32 ; 13:2 ff. Nu 30:3 ff. +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Ex 21:5 with Dt 15:16 ; Nu 5:19 and v 2 0.—N.B. with כִּי = when or if , the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emph.: 1 K 8:37 כִּי־יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה וג׳ רָעָב , Is 28:18 Mi 5:4 כִּי־יָבֹא בְאַרְצֵנוּ אַשּׁוּר , ψ 62:11 Ez 3:19 ( וְאַתָּה ), 14:9 , 13 ; 18:5 , 18 , 21 ; 33:6 ( cf. v 2); and especially in laws of P , as אָדָם … כִּי Lv 1: 2; 13:2 , … נֶפֶשׁ כִּי 2: 1; 4:2 ; 5:1 , 4 , 15 , similiarly 15:2 , 16 , 19 , 25 ; 22:12 , 13 , 14 etc., rather differently Nu 5:20 . c. when or if , with a concessive force, i.e. though: —( a ) with impf. Je 4:30 (×3); 14:12 ; 49:16 כַּנֶּשֶׁר קִנֶּ˜ךָ כִּי־תַגְבִּיהַּ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, 51:53 Ho 13:15 Zc 8:6 ψ 37:24 ; 49:19 f. though in his lifetime he bless himself … he shall come, etc., perhaps also Je 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for ), 50:11 Ew Ke ( Hi yea ); and strengthened by גַּם , גַּם כִּי Is 1:15 ψ 23:4 ( cf. Dr § 143); ( b ) with perf. (rare) Mi 7:8 כִּי נָפַלְתִּי קָ˜מְתִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Na 1:10 ( si vera l. ), ψ 21:12 ( Hi Ew No w), 119:83 ( Ew De ).
3.
Because, since
(
ὅτι
)—
a.
Gn 3:14
because
thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc.,
v
17 18:20
the cry of S. and G.—
because
it is great … (subj. prefixed for emph.:
cf.
2
N.B.)
Is 28:15
; in answer to a
qu.
,
Gn 27:20 Ex 1:1
9;
18:15 2 S 19:43
+. Enunciating the conditions under which a fut. action is conceived as possible (Germ.
indem
)
Lv 22:9 Dt 4:29
כי תדרשׁנו
,
12:20
(
v.
Dr),
v
2
5,
28
;
13:19
;
14:24
;
16:15
;
19:6
,
9
+,
1 K 8:35
(
cf.
v
33
אֲשֶׁר
),
v
36
כִּי תֹורֵם
,
Pr 4:8b
.
b.
more commonly the causal sentence follows, as
Gn 2:3
and God blessed the seventh day
כִּי בֹו שָׁבַת וג׳
because
on it he rested, etc.,
4:25
etc., in which case it may often be rendered
for
,
Gn 2:5
,
23
;
3:20
;
5:24
;
6:7
;
12
,
13
ψ 6:3
heal me
כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ עֲצָמָ˜י
for
my bones are vexed,
10:14
;
25:16
;
27:10
+
very often Spec. after
vbs.
expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing
Is 14:29
ψ 58:11
, being angry
Gn 31:35
;
45:5
, fearing
43:18
ψ 49:17
etc. Iron.
1 K 18:27
for
he is a god etc. (4 times);
Pr 30:4 Jb 38:5
כִּי תֵדָ˜ע
for
or
since
thou knowest. With subj. prefixed
ψ 128:2
. Repeated (with anacol.)
Is 49:19
.
c.
the causal relation expressed by
כִּי
is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as
Is 3:8a Jb 6:21
(ground of the comparison
v
15–
20
),
14:16
(
For
…: ground of the wishes expressed
v
13–1
5),
16:22
(ground of
v
20
f.
)
30:26
(
For
…), or by pointing to a general truth which it exemplifies
Jb 5:6
(reason why complaining
v
2–5
is foolish),
15:34
;
23:14
; sometimes it is
explicative
, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars wh. establish or exemplify it
2 S