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נפשׁ ( of foll.; cf. Arabic نَفَسٌ (nafasun) soul, life, person, living being, blood, desire , نَفَسٌ ( nafasun ) breath, sweet odour , نَفُسَ ( nafusa ) be high in estimation, become avaricious; III . desire a thing, aspire to it , v. breathe, sigh . Assyrian napâšu , get breath, be broad, extended; napištu , life , less frequently soul, living being, person . Vbs. appar. denom.; nouns in all Semitic languages: Ph. נפש , CIS i. 86, B 5, Ethiopic ˜˜˜ ( nafs ); in the foll. = both soul, person , and tombstone, monument (as representing person, v. especially Duval Rev. Sémit. ii (1894), 259 ff. ): NH נפשׁ
v. Levy ZMG xii (1858), 215 ; Old Aramaic נפש , Nab. Palm. נפש , v. Lzb 325 Cook 82; Syriac

ܢܰܦܫܳܐ ( napšo ), v. 1 Macc 13:2 7, 28 ; Sab. נפס Lev y -Os ZMG xix (1865), 255.290 Mordtm ib. xxxii (1878), 202 cf. Liḥyan , DHM

Epigr. Denkm. 67 , Min. Hom Südarab. Chrest. 128 ) .

נֶ˜פֶשׁ S 5315 TWOT 1395a GK 5883756 n.f. Gn 49:6 (so even Gn 2:19 Nu 31:28 1 K 19:2 v. Albr ZAW xvi (1896), 42 S S) soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion , and passion ( Ecclus 3:18; 4:1 (×2), 2 (×2) 13:12; 14:11 ) ;— נ׳ Gn 1:20 +; נָ˜פֶשׁ Gn 37:21 +; sf. נַפְשִׁי Gn 12:13 +; pl. נְפָשֹׁות Ez 13:18 + 13 times; נְפָשֹׁת Ex 12:4 Lv 27: 2; cstr. נַפְשֹׁות Gn 36:6 + 4 times; נַפְשֹׁת Lv 21:1 1; נְפָשִׁים Ez 13:20 (but read חָפְשִׁים , v Co Berthol Toy); sf. נַפְשֹׁותָם 2 S 23:17 +; נַפְשֹׁתָם Nu 17:3 +: —

1. = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being = ψυχή , anima, the soul, the inner being of man: a. disting. from בָּשָׂר : וְעַד בָּשָׂר מִנֶּפֶשׁ Is 10:1 8; הַנֶּפֶשׁ עִם הַבָּשָׂר Dt 12:2 3; from שְׁאֵר Pr 11:17 ; from בֶּטֶן body ψ 31:10 . b. both the inner נפשׁ and the outer בשׂר are conceived as resting on a common substratum: עָלָיו יִכְאָ˜ב וְנַפְשֹׁו עָלָיו תֶּאֱבָֽל׃ אַךְ בְּשָׂרֹו Jb 14:22 only his flesh upon him is in pain, and his soul upon him mourneth; cf. ψ 42:5 , 7 ; 131:2 Jb 30:16 La 3:20 [ v. עַל 1
d
], all poetical ( cf. 6 c ). c. נ׳ departs at death and returns with life: בְּצֵאת

Vbs. verbs.

B Vatican MS. of Septuagint. Nab. Nabataean.

Palm. Palmyrene. Mordtm J. H. Mordtmann. Liyan Lhyanian (language). DHM D. H. Müller, Epigrophische Denkmäler, or Epigr. Denm. aus Arabien , or Epigr. Denkm. aus Arabien, or Epigr. Denkm. aus Abessinien
Albr K. Albretch.

ZAW Z. f. alttest. Wissenschaft .


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